Translation and Meaning of: 過半数 - kahansuu

If you are studying Japanese or have curiosity about the language, you may have come across the word 過半数[かはんすう]. It frequently appears in news, political debates, and even in everyday discussions in Japan. In this article, we will explore its meaning, origin, and how it is used in practice. Additionally, you will discover tips to memorize it and understand its cultural significance.

The term 過半数 means "majority" in English.

The word 過半数[かはんすう] is formed by two kanji: 過 (exceed) and 半数 (half). Together, they mean "majority" or "more than half". It is a common term in contexts where it is necessary to define a quantity greater than 50%, such as in voting, surveys, or group divisions.

In Japan, it is often used in assemblies and collective decisions. For example, when a bill needs the approval of the 過半数 of the parliament to be ed. Its use is so relevant that it even appears in newspaper headlines, showing how it is ingrained in both formal and informal communication.

Origin and structure of kanjis

The etymology of 過半数 traces back to classical Chinese, where 過 already carried the meaning of "to exceed" and 半数 meant "half." The combination of these ideograms was adopted by Japanese to express the idea of quantities that sur an equal division.

It is worth noting that 過 also appears in words like 過剰 (excess) and 過労 (overwork), always with the notion of something that goes beyond the expected. 半数 is composed of 半 (half) and 数 (number), reinforcing the mathematical precision of the term.

How to use 過半数 in everyday life

Although it is more common in formal contexts, 過半数 also appears in everyday conversations. A simple example is in condominium meetings, where one might say: "この提案は過半数の賛成が必要です" (This proposal needs majority approval).

To memorize it, one tip is to associate the kanji 過 with situations where something "exceeds the limit," such as a vote that sures the necessary majority. Another strategy is to practice with flashcards, including phrases like "過半数を獲得した" (won the majority).

Curiosities about the word

Unlike Portuguese, where "majority" can be a more subjective concept, 過半数 in Japanese has an almost mathematical nature. This reflects Japanese culture, which values precision in agreements and collective decisions.

According to the dictionary 明鏡国語辞典, the term gained popularity in the post-war period, with the democratization of the country. Today, it is one of the most searched words on legal websites and even on platforms like Suki Nihongo, where Japanese learners deepen their vocabulary.

Vocabulary

Expand your vocabulary with related words:

Synonyms and similar words

• 過半数 (Kahan-sū) - Majority, specifically more than half of a total; often used in voting contexts.
• 大多数 (Daitasu) - The vast majority refers to a significant amount, but not necessarily more than half.
• 多数派 (Tasūha) - Majority group typically refers to a group that has the most, but may not strictly be half.