Translation and Meaning of: 諺 - kotowaza

If you are studying Japanese or are curious about Japanese culture, you may have come across the word 諺 (ことわざ). It represents a fascinating element of the Japanese language, filled with popular wisdom and lessons ed down through generations. In this article, we will explore the meaning, origin, and usage of this word, as well as understand how the Japanese perceive it in their daily lives. If you are looking for reliable information about 諺, you've come to the right place – Suki Nihongo, the best online dictionary for Japanese learners.

What does 諺 (ことわざ) mean?

The word 諺, read as "kotowaza," refers to Japanese proverbs or sayings. Just like in other cultures, the Japanese use these short and memorable teachings to convey moral lessons, observations about life, or practical advice. Many of them have equivalents in Portuguese, such as "água mole em pedra dura, tanto bate até que fura," which resembles the spirit of persistence present in various kotowaza.

What's interesting is that these proverbs often reflect deeply embedded values in Japanese society, such as respect, patience, and harmony. For example, 猿も木から落ちる (saru mo ki kara ochiru), which means "even monkeys fall from trees," teaches that even the most skilled make mistakes – a lesson in humility that is highly valued in Japan.

The origin and history of kotowaza

The tradition of Japanese proverbs dates back centuries, influenced by Buddhism, Shinto, and Confucian thought. Many kotowaza have roots in ancient China, adapted to the Japanese reality over time. The kanji 諺 itself is composed of 言 (speech) and 彦 (wise man), suggesting the concept of "words of wisdom."

Over the years, these proverbs have become an integral part of everyday communication in Japan. They appear in textbooks, speeches, and even in animes and dramas, serving as a bridge between the past and the present. Some modern kotowaza even play with contemporary situations, demonstrating how this tradition remains alive and relevant.

How do the Japanese use kotowaza in their daily lives?

In Japan, proverbs are not just decorative phrases – they play an active role in communication. Parents and teachers often use them to teach children, while adults employ them in conversations to illustrate points of view or give indirect advice. In formal contexts, such as speeches or articles, kotowaza help convey complex ideas concisely.

It is worth noting that, although they are widely known, excessive use of proverbs can sound artificial or pretentious. Japanese people usually use them sparingly, at appropriate moments. For Japanese language learners, learning some essential kotowaza can be a great way to deepen understanding of the language and culture, but it is important to use them in the right context.

Tips for memorizing kotowaza

An effective strategy for learning Japanese proverbs is to associate them with concrete situations or equivalents in Portuguese. For example, 二兎を追う者は一兎をも得ず (nito o ou mono wa itto mo ezu), which means "he who chases two hares catches neither," reminds us of "he who embraces too much holds little." This connection makes memorization easier.

Another valuable tip is to study the history behind each proverb. Many kotowaza have interesting origins that help reinforce their meaning. The 井戸の蛙 (ido no kawazu), literally "the frog in the well," refers to someone with a limited perspective – the image of a frog that only knows the bottom of the well makes the concept much more memorable.

Vocabulary

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Synonyms and similar words

• ことわざ (kotowaza) - Popular proverb that expresses a truth or general advice.
• 格言 (kakugen) - A short and memorable phrase that expresses a meaningful truth, often with a moral character.
• 言い回し (ii mawashi) - Expression or idiomatic expression that may include proverbs but also refers to unique ways of saying something.