Translation and Meaning of: 下り - kudari

The Japanese word 下り [くだり] may seem simple at first glance, but it carries interesting nuances worth exploring. If you are studying Japanese or just curious about the language, understanding its meaning, origin, and practical use can be quite helpful. In this article, we will dive into the details of this word, from its writing to its cultural context, so that you can use it confidently.

In addition to uncovering the basic meaning of 下り, we will see how it appears in the daily lives of the Japanese and in what situations it is more frequent. If you have ever wondered why this word is written with a specific kanji or how to memorize it efficiently, keep reading. Suki Nihongo, the best online Japanese dictionary, has gathered everything you need to know about 下り in a clear and straightforward manner.

Meaning and usage of 下り

下り [くだり] is a word that generally refers to something that descends or is descending. Its basic meaning is linked to the movement of going downwards, whether physically, like in a road or staircase, or metaphorically, like in a hierarchy. For example, in trains and highways, 下り is used to indicate the direction that goes away from Tokyo or an important central point.

In daily life, the Japanese use 下り in various contexts, from indicating the descent of a mountain to referring to documents or processes that follow a hierarchical flow. It is a versatile word, but it always maintains the idea of downward movement. If you have seen signs with 下り線 (downward line) at train stations, now you know what it means.

Origin and writing of kanji

The kanji 下, which makes up the word 下り, is one of the first that Japanese students learn. It represents the idea of "below" or "to descend" and is a fundamental part of many other . The reading くだり arises when the kanji is combined with the suffix り, which often indicates action or state, reinforcing the sense of downward movement.

It is worth noting that 下り is not the only possible reading for this kanji. Depending on the context, it can also be read as した (shita), しも (shimo), or さげる (sageru). However, くだり is one of the most common forms in everyday use, especially when it comes to directions or flows. If you want to memorize it, think of something going down, like a river or an escalator.

Cultural context and curiosities

In Japan, the word 下り plays an important role in the transportation system. Trains and buses are often classified as 上り (nobori, going up) or 下り (kudari, going down) in relation to Tokyo. This system reflects the geographical and historical organization of the country, where the capital was the political and cultural center. Even today, this distinction remains on maps and signage.

Another interesting aspect is the use of 下り in expressions like 下り坂 (kudarizaka), which means "downhill" or, metaphorically, "decline." This word appears in both literal contexts, such as in mountain routes, and in abstract situations, like a company's performance. Knowing how to recognize these uses can greatly enrich your vocabulary and understanding of Japanese.

Vocabulary

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Synonyms and similar words

• 降り (furi) - Action of descending, falling, or getting out of a vehicle.
• くだり (kudari) - Descent, often used to describe the slope on a road or mountain.
• ダウン (daun) - Term in English that means to descend or fall; used in broader contexts such as in sports.
• ディセント (disento) - The term in English that means descent, often used in technical or aviation contexts, is "descent."
• デスセント (desusento) - Variant of "descent", with emphasis on the steep or critical drop, especially in contexts of climbing or transportation.